Impressum
Publications, essays, Articles, lectures, mathematical models, building physics, civil engineering, programming,
numerical algorithms, self-organization, chemical oscillations, electrochemistry, physical
Chemistry, non-equilibrium processes, open systems, dynamical Systems, self-organisation in biomolecules, electron
transfer, Kramers Theory, two-dimensional phase-transitions, evolution theory, philosophy, determinism, determination,
evolution, time, Ostwald
I. Publications in refereed journals and invited lectures
II. Published books
III. Edited Journal (yearbook "Self-organization")
IV. Book reviews
I. Publications in refereed journals and invited lectures
Works about theory and mechanism of the leaching process of photo-lacquers in
cooperation with the micro-electronics industry:
Pohlmann, L., Großmann, A., Kuhnert, L., A Model for the Dissolution of Solids with Consecutive Chemical
Reaction in the Solution. Zeitschrift für physikalische Chemie (Leipzig) 266 (1985) 369-78 and 268 (1987) 113-23.
The first general model, which could represent the different from the
literature known dissolution regimes of solids as limiting cases of a general approach, was developed here.
Pohlmann, L., Friedrich, S., Starov, V.M., Großmann, A., Kuhnert, L., Ein mechanistisches Modell der
Auflösung von oligomeren Phenolformaldehydharzen in basisch-wäßrigen Medien, Zeitschrift für
physikalische Chemie (Leipzig) 270 (1989) 389-400.
To my knowledge, the clarification of the physico-chemical mechanism of the
dissolution of oligomere resists on the basis of carbolic acid (as component of photo-lacquers) in basic developers
succeeded here for the first time .
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Works about mechanistic investigations of the oscillating
Belousov-Zhabotinsky reaction and about the mathematical description of spatial wave phenomena:
Kuhnert, L., Pohlmann, L., Krug, H.-J., Wessler, G., Repressing of Chemical Waves by Photochemical Inhibitor
Releasing, in: Selforganization by Nonlinear Irreversible Processes, W. Ebeling and H. Ulbricht (Eds.), Springer,
Berlin 1986, pp. 128-132.
Here an important extension of the well-known Oregonator model (for the
approximate description of oscillations and waves in the Belousov-Zhabotinsky reaction) was proposed. The modification
not only makes the model mathematically more robustly but also describes for the first time the experimentally observed
chemical waves in the photo-sensitive Zhabotinsky reaction in a consistent manner.
Krug, H.-J., Pohlmann, L., Kuhnert, L., Analysis of the Modified Complete Oregonator Accounting for Oxygen
Sensitivity and Photosensitivity of Belousov-Zhabotinsky Systems, Journal of Physical Chemistry 94 (1990) 4862-4866.
Detailed mathematical analysis of the above described modified Oregonator
model (MCO) and of the influence of oxygen and light on the observed oscillations.
Krug, H.-J., Brandstädter, H., Pohlmann, L., Nucleation and Wave Propagation in the Modified Oregonator and
Comparison with Experiments in a Photosensitive Belousov-Zhabotinsky Gel Reactor, Journal of Physical Chemistry 99
(1995) 10237-10245.
Analysis of the properties of chemical waves in the MCO and comparison with
experimental results concerning the dependence of the wave speed on the light intensity.
Kuhnert, L., Pohlmann, L., Krug, H.-J., Chemical Wave Propagation with a Chemicaly Induced Hydrodynamical
Instability, Physica D 29 (1988) 416-20.
Here was proved with the help of simple experimental tests that the Belousov-
Zhabotinsky reaction under certain conditions reacts with the air-oxygen, which leads to a spontaneous liquid
convection in turn.
Pohlmann, L., Wellenfronten und -impulse in der BZR, Vortrag, 1. Berliner Seminar über Bifurkationstheorie
und dissipative Strukturen 1990 Berlin
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Development of models for the better understanding of energy-transfer processes in complex
biomolecules:
Pohlmann, L., Tributsch, H., A Model for Cooperative Electron Transfer, Journal of Theoretical Biology 156 (1992)
63-72.
Pohlmann, L., Tributsch, H., Stimulated and cooperative electron transfer in energy conversation and catalysis,
Journal of Theoretical Biology 155 (1992) 443-462.
Pohlmann, L., A Model for Co-operative Electron Transfer, "Self-organization as a Paradigm of Sciences",
Vortrag 28.-30. Sept. 1992 Kaiserslautern
Pohlmann, L., Tributsch, H., Hypothesis Explaining the Activated Complex in Primary Photosynthetic Electron
Transfer as a Dissipative Structure, Journal of Physical Chemistry 97 (1993) 11318-11323.
Pohlmann, L., Tributsch, H., A Model for Stimulated and Co-operative Electron Transfer in Biomolecular Systems,
in: On Self-Organization, R.K. Mishra, D. Maaß and E. Zwierlein (Eds.), Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg 1994,
pp. 133-142.
In these works on the basis of the non-linear dynamics (bifurcation theory,
autocatalysis) new kinetic models for energy transfer processes in biological molecules and in cell membranes were
developed, which could remove many of the contradictions and the ad-hoc assumptions of conventional models (working on
the basis of near-equilibrium kinetics) .
Pohlmann, L., Bifurcations and the Center Manifold Theorem: Towards a Non-linear Kinetic Interpretation of
Biomolecular Processes, Vortrag, New Frontiers in Theoretical Biology 7.-12. Aug. 1995 Monteroduni, Isernia Region.
Pohlmann, L., Tributsch, H., Bifurcations and the Center Manifold Theorem: Towards a Non-linear Kinetic
Interpretation of Biomolecular Processes, in: New Frontiers in Theoretical Biology, C.A.C. Dreismann (Eds.), Hadronic
Press, Palm Harbor 1996, pp. 115-152.
To obtain a more microscopic description of the obove mentioned kinetic models
a new model was developed, which extended the well-known Kramers theory of reaction rates to far-from equilibrium
conditions. We could show this way that the rather hypothetical approaches of the foregoing publications can obtain a
firm microscopic base. The model equation (a Fokker-Planck equation) could be solved analytically for the limiting case
of small friction forces (of the molecular environment).
Pohlmann, L., Tributsch, H., Self-organized Electron Transfer, Electrochim. Acta 42 (1997) 2737-2748.
In continuing this work we succeeded with the general analytic solution of
the obove mentioned model equation for any friction strength with the help of the method of matched asymptotic
approximations (after Matkowsky and Schuss). Therefore the validity range of the model statemants was considerably
extended. It could be shown that positive feedback processes in complex biomolecules can increase the reaction rate
drastically. That could be a key for the often observed enormous effectiveness of biochemical reactions.
Tributsch, H., Pohlmann, L., Synergetic Mechanisms in Energy and Signal Transduction: Photo Oscillating Proton
Transport in Bacteriorhodopsin, Journal of Theoretical Biology 178 (1996) 17-28.
With the help of a Monte-Carlo-Simulation one could show in this work that the
paradoxical transfer of protons in the photonically excited bacteriorhodopsin molecule against a strong potential-
gradient can be explained on the basis of non-linear feedback processes.
Tributsch, H., Pohlmann, L., Synergetic electron transfer in molecular electronics and photosynthetic mechanisms,
J. Electroanal. Chem. 438 (1997) 37-41.
Tributsch, H., Pohlmann, L., Electron transfer: Classical approaches and new frontiers, Science 279 (1998) 1891-
1895.
see also the
commentary in the newspaper "Berliner Zeitung"!
In these two surveys the developed non-linear mechanisms are summarized and
further models approaches are proposed.
Rojas-Chapana, J.A., Bärtels, C.C., Pohlmann, L., Tributsch, H., Co-operative Leaching and Chemotaxis of
Thiobacilli Studied with Spherical Sulfur/Sulfide Substrates, Process Biochemistry 33 (1998) 239-248.
Here, one could show on the basis of a model, that certain bacteria behave co-
operatively and take advantage of feedback effects in order to intensify their food care.
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Theoretical and experimental investigations concerning the
mechanism of cathodic oscillations during the electrolytic reduction of hydrogen peroxide:
Pohlmann, L., Neher, G., Tributsch, H., A Model for Oscillating Hydrogen Liberation at CuInSe2 in the
Presence of H2O2, Journal of Physical Chemistry 98 (1994) 11007-11010.
Neher, G., Pohlmann, L., Tributsch, H., Mixed-Mode-Oscillations, Self-Similarity and Time-Transient Chaotic
Behavior in the (Photo-)Electrochemical System p-CuInSe2/ H2O2, Journal of Physical
Chemistry 99 (1995) 17763-17771.
In these works, cathodic electro-chemical oscillations were examined, which
are less explored in the comparison to the anodic oscillations (for example during the metal dissolution) . One could
show that in the examined system the oscillations are intimately connected with the hydrogen evolution. The reaction
mechanism as well as a first model could be developed. The mechanism is applicable on all oscillating reactions, where
hydrogen and oxygenous species (for example O, OH) become together adsorbed at the electrode-surface.
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Theoretical and experimental investigations concerning the
formation of two-dimensional condensed films of organic adsorbates at electrode surfaces:
Donner, C., Pohlmann, L., Baumgärtel, H., Film formation considering the time dependent concentration of
noncondensed molecules, Surface Science 345 (1996) 363-372.
Pohlmann, L., Donner, C., Baumgärtel, H., First-order phase transitions on electrodes: the role of surface
diffusion, Surface Science 359 (1996) 280-290.
Donner, C., Pohlmann, L., Baumgärtel, H., Two-Dimensional Nucleation Initiated by Athermal Clusters, Ber.
Bunsenges.Phys.Chem. 100 (1996) 1691-1699.
In these works, we could show that the great variety of different experimental
results concerning the kinetics of (first order) phase-transition during the formation of adsorbate films can be
understood in a consistent way, if one assumes that the adsorbate concentration (on the surface not yet covered with
the film) is time-dependent and runs after an initial increase through a maximum. That stops the nucleation process and
leads to a change of the growth rate of the already formed nuclei.
Pohlmann, L., Donner, C., Kirste, S., Baumgärtel, H., A Predator-Prey Model for the Film Formation in Two-
Dimensional Phase Transitions, J. Phys. Chem.B 101 (1997) 10198-10204.
Here, for the first time, a closed mathematical model could be found, which
describes the time-dependent adsorbate concentration as a result of the balance kinetics between the adsorption on the
one hand and the incorporation of the molecules into the growing film on the other hand. With this model, many of the
not yet understood experimentally found kinetic curves can be simulated.
Donner, C., Pohlmann, L., Baumgärtel, H., The appearance of athermal nuclei of thymine at Au(111) and the
shape of current-time transients, Chem. Phys. Lett., 280 (1997) 287-295.
Donner, C., Kirste, St., Pohlmann, L., Baumgärtel,H., Inverted current-time transients - a new method for the
determination of the potential of maximum adsorption in condensed layers, Langmuir 14 (1998) 6999-7007.
Donner, C. , Pohlmann L., On the Interference of Adsorption, Condensation and Double Layer Charging
in Kinetic Studies of Film Formation. Part I: Constant Double Layer Potential, Langmuir,
15 (1999) 4898-4806.
Donner, C. , Pohlmann L., On the Interference of Adsorption, Condensation and Double Layer Charging
in Kinetic Studies of Film Formation. Part II: Non-Constant Double Layer Potential, Langmuir, 15 (1999) 4907-
4915.
In these works, we could show by means of a kinetic model, how in all
electrochemical adsorption processes the processes of the double layer charging and of the adsorption can mutually
influence each other. Until now it was always assumed (from reasons of the simplicity) that the double layer charging
in potential jump methods is much faster than all other processes and that the potential remains constant after that.
Many real systems don't fulfil this condition however. The new model now describes the interaction of these processes
and makes them mathematically tractable. On the basis of this model, all the different forms of current transients
could be simulated and new forms, which were found also experimentally after it, were predicted.
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Other works about applied problems (laserinduced heating,
building physics):
Friese, P., Pohlmann, L., Zustandsanalyse von Mauerwerk mit aufsteigender Feuchtigkeit., Bauphysik 8 (1986) 7-10.
A work, in which is shown by means of a simple model that rising moisture leads in
the stonework to characteristic distributions in the concentration of the solved salts. From the measured concentration-
profile, conclusions can be drawn concerning the parameters of the liquid currents in the stonework. These diagnostic
information is significantly for the selection of suitable restauration measures on the other hand.
Pohlmann, L., Theoretical Approach to Fast Laser-Heating Processes, Experimentelle Technik der Physik 39 (1991)
413-417.
Derivation of a model, which describes the processes of the heating of
surfaces due to intensive laser radiation under the simultaneous consideration of the surface cooling effect by the
surrounding medium. Simple analytic approximation formulas could be derived for the fast estimation of the heating
effects.
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Works about the history and the philosophy of sciences,
popular essays and lectures:
Kuhnert, L., Pohlmann, L., Deterministisches Chaos und fraktale Objekte., Spektrum (Berlin) 17 (1987) 33.
Niedersen, U., Pohlmann, L., Singuläre Determiniertheit. Ordnung im Chaos - physikalische und philosophische
Betrachtungen. Teil I., Wissenschaftliche Zeitschrift der Martin-Luther-Universität Halle/Wittenberg,Mat.-Nat.
Reihe 36 (1987) 102- 112; 37 (1988) 139-49; 38 (1989) 129-140
Niedersen, U., Pohlmann, L., Komplexität, Singularität und Determination. Die Koordination der
Heterogenität, in: Selbstorganisation und Determination, Jahrbuch Selbstorganisation, U. Niedersen and L. Pohlmann
(Eds.), Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1990, pp. 25-53.
Pohlmann, L., Das Einzelne und das Allgemeine. Was passiert im Bifurkationspunkt? , 6. Kolloquium
"Komplexität-Zeit-Methode", Vortrag 7.3. 1990 Berlin.
Pohlmann, L., Zur Definition des Begriffs "Deterministisches Chaos" unpublished manuscript 1989.
On the basis of the scientific discoveries of the self-organization theory and
the philosophical research about the scientific concept of natural laws and of the determination problem a new typ of
determination (singular determination) was introduced, which completes the classic types of the strong and the
statistical determination. In the bifurcation point of the development process, normally irrelevant disturbances can
emancipate themselves to become essential determinants.
Pohlmann, L., Niedersen, U., Dynamisches Verzweigungsverhalten bei Wachstums- und Evolutionsprozessen, in:
Selbstorganisation und Determination, Jahrbuch Selbstorganisation, U. Niedersen and L. Pohlmann (Eds.), Duncker &
Humblot, Berlin 1990, pp. 63-81.
Pohlmann, L., and Niedersen, U., Zufall und Gesetz bei Entwicklungsprozessen, Interdisziplinäre
Sommerakademie "Systemisch denken - fühlen - handeln", Vortrag 16.-19. 9. 1991 Wien
Further development of the concept of singular determination on the basis of
the mathematical bifurcation theory and application to the analysis of the biological evolution.
It turns out that for example in the so-called neo-classical Darwinian evolution theory ("New synthesis ")
the important process of the speciation is not explained by self-organization. Rather shall it has been (almost) always
only outer effects, which have caused the formation of qualitatively new species from the preceding species. From the
view of the enormous knowledge gain in the framework of the self-organization research of the last decades, that cannot
have been the last word however!
Pohlmann, L., Jenseits der linearen Zeit, 7. Kolloquium "Komplexität - Zeit - Methode", Vortrag 18.
Dez. 1990 Halle/Saale.
Pohlmann, L., U.Niedersen, Jenseits der linearen Zeit, in: Der Mensch in Ordnung und Chaos, Jahrbuch
Selbstorganisation, U. Niedersen and L. Pohlmann (Eds.), Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1991, pp. 169-184.
Application of the concept of singular determination to the philosophy of time.
Niedersen, U., Krug, H.-J., Pohlmann, L., Wilhelm Ostwald - Von der Reversibilität zur Irreversibilität,
Chemie in unserer Zeit 26 (1992) 304-313.
Krug, H.-J., Pohlmann, L., Die Dichotomien der Zeit. Der Zeitbegriff bei Wilhelm Ostwald, in: Schelling und die
Selbstorganisation. Neue Forschungsperspektiven, Jahrbuch Selbstorganisation, M.-L. Heuser-Keßler and W.G. Jacobs
(Eds.), Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1994, pp. 257-270.
Krug, H.-J., Pohlmann, L., Zwei Texte von Wilhelm Ostwald zum Wellengesetz der Geschichte, Ausgewählt,
herausgegeben und kommentiert von H.-J. Krug und L. Pohlmann, in: Schelling und die Selbstorganisation. Neue
Forschungsperspektiven, Jahrbuch Selbstorganisation, M.-L. Heuser-Keßler and W.G. Jacobs (Eds.), Duncker &
Humblot, Berlin 1994, pp. 271-278.
Krug, H.-J., and Pohlmann, L., Wilhelm Ostwalds Ansätze einer synergetischen Schule, 3. Kolloquium
"Komplexität-Zeit-Methode", Vortrag 15. Dez. 1987 Halle/Saale
In these works, it was proofed that Wilhelm Ostwald was, as physical chemist
and as thinkers, far in advance of his time and had already developed many elements of the self-organization theory -
even if not yet with the help of mathematical methods. He examined experimentally different self-organization-processes
and recognized their long-range meaning to the understanding of biological and social processes.
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More works about the philosophy of the sciences, of the
society and of the art:
Pohlmann, L., Chaostheorie und Selbstorganisation - Allheilmittel oder intellektuelle Mode?, Abendvorlesungsreihe
im Bauhaus Dessau, Vortrag 1994 Dessau.
Pohlmann, L., Chaos als konstruktives Prinzip, Wissenschaftstheoretisches Seminar an der Martin-Luther-
Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Vortrag 1988 Halle/Saale.
Pohlmann, L., Ganzheit, Offenheit, Deterministisches Chaos und Paul Feyerabends dadaistische Erkenntnistheorie,
in: 2.Person, hsrg. von D. Oltmanns u. a., Leipzig, Heft 1991
Pohlmann, L., Chaos als Ordnungsprinzip. Wissenschaftliche Erklärungsmodelle von der trivialen Ordnung bis
zur schöpferischen Komplexität, Konferenz "Konzepte von Chaos und Selbstorganisation in der Geschichte
der Wissenschaften", Vortrag 10-12. Oktober 1991 Bielefeld.
Pohlmann, L., Kunst und Wissenschaft, Vortrag zur Eröffnung der gemeinsamen Ausstellung "Das kalte Herz.
Zum Dialog zwischen Kunst, Wissenschaft und Technik" von den Bundesministerien für Bildung und Wissenschaft
1992 Bonn.
Pohlmann, L., Wissenschaft als Heiligsprechung des Unheimlichen, in: "Das kalte Herz. Zum Dialog zwischen
Kunst, Wissenschaft und Technik. Eine Ausstellung von Christoph Inderwiesen" Edition Zimmermnn + Franken,
Mönchengladbach 1992.
Pohlmann, L., Alchemia factorum. Von den Eckpfeilern unserer Kultur. Vortrag auf dem Herbsttreffen in Schloß
Röderhof, September 1993.
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II. Published books
Selbstorganisation und Determination, Jahrbuch Selbstorganisation, Band 1,
U. Niedersen and L. Pohlmann (Eds.), Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1990.
Der Mensch in Ordnung und Chaos, Jahrbuch Selbstorganisation, Band 2,
U. Niedersen and L. Pohlmann (Eds.), Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1991.
Irreversibilität und Evolution, Jahrbuch Selbstorganisation, Band 8,
H.-J. Krug and L. Pohlmann (Eds.), Duncker & Humblot, Berlin, 1998.
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III. Edited Yearbook:
Selbstorganisation. Jahrbuch für Komplexität in den Natur-, Sozial- und Geisteswissenschaften,
Herausgegeben von Ludwig Pohlmann (geschäftsführend) unter Mitarbeit von Hans-Jürgen Krug und Uwe
Niedersen, Verlag Duncker & Humblot Berlin.
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IV. Book reviews
S. Wolfram: Cellular Automata, Singapore 1986 , in: Z. phys. Chem. (Leipzig) 1987 pp. 845.
R.W. Leven, B.-P. Koch und B. Pompe: Chaos in dissipativen Systemen, Berlin 1989, in: Z. phys. Chemie (Leipzig)
1990 .
J. Gleick, "Chaos.", in: Der Mensch in Ordnung und Chaos, Jahrbuch Selbstorganisation 1991 Berlin, U.
Niedersen and L. Pohlmann (Eds.), Duncker & Humblot, pp. 273.
W. Gerok (Hrsg.), "Ordnung und Chaos in der unbelebten und belebten Natur", in: Der Mensch in Ordnung
und Chaos, Jahrbuch Selbstorganisation 1991 Berlin, U. Niedersen and L. Pohlmann (Eds.), Duncker & Humblot, pp.
274.
D. Peat "Vom Stein der Weisen. Chaos und verborgene Weltordnung", in: Ästhetik und
Selbstorganisation, Jahrbuch Selbstorganisation 1993 Berlin, U. Niedersen and F. Schweitzer (Eds.), Duncker &
Humblot, pp. 297-299.
P. Coveney, R. Highfield, "Anti-Chaos. Der Pfeil der Zeit in der Selbstorganisation des Lebens", in:
Ästhetik und Selbstorganisation, Jahrbuch Selbstorganisation 1993 Berlin, U. Niedersen and F. Schweitzer (Eds.),
Duncker & Humblot, pp. 305-306.
Roger Lewin, "Die Komplexitätstheorie. Wissenschaft nach der Chaosforschung", in: Schelling und die
Selbstorganisation. Neue Forschungsperspektiven 1994 Berlin, M.-L. Heuser-Keßler and W.G.Jacobs (Eds.), Duncker
& Humblot, pp. 279-280.
M. Mitchell Waldrop, "Inseln im Chaos. Die Erforschung komplexer Systeme", in: Schelling und die
Selbstorganisation. Neue Forschungsperspektiven 1994 Berlin, M.-L. Heuser-Keßler and W.G.Jacobs (Eds.), Duncker
& Humblot, pp. 281-282.
Jared Diamond, "Der dritte Schimpanse. Evolution und Zukunft des Menschen", in: Realitäten und
Rationalitäten, Jahrbuch Selbstorganisation 1995 Berlin, A. Ziemke, and R. Kaehr (Eds.), Duncker & Humblot,
pp. 352-354.
W. Hahn, P. Weibl (Eds.) 62;Evolutionäre Symmetrietheorie. Selbstorganisation und dynamische Systeme",
Stuttgart 1996, in: Irreversibilität und Evolution, Jahrbuch Selbstorganisation 1997 Berlin, H.-J. Krug, L.
Pohlmann (Eds.), Duncker & Humblot 1998, pp. 301-303.
D. G. Wassermann, Keys to Life. Philosophy and New Mechanisms of Evolution and Development", Aldershot 1997,
in: Irreversibilität und Evolution, Jahrbuch Selbstorganisation 1997 Berlin, H.-J. Krug, L. Pohlmann (Eds.),
Duncker & Humblot 1998, pp. 303-304.
F. Schweitzer (Hrsg.), Self-Organization of Complex Structures. From Individual to Complex Dynamics", Gordon
and Breach Amsterdam 1997, in: Evolution und Selbstorganisation in der Ökonomie, Jahrbuch Selbstorganisation 1998
Berlin, F. Schweitzer, G. Silverberg (Eds.), Duncker & Humblot, 1998.
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