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September 8, 1998
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"To help all men"
Gonxha felt drawn by the missions. Her Superiors sent her to Darjeeling, India, city situated at the foot of the Himalayas, and there she began her novitiate on May 24, 1929. The main vocation of the Sisters of Loretto is teaching. Gonxha taught class for little girls, all the while continuing her own studies in order to obtain a teaching diploma. On May 25, 1931, she pronounced her religious vows and took the name of Sister Teresa, in honor of Saint Thérèse of Lisieux. To complete her studies, Sister Teresa was sent, in 1935, to Calcutta College in the midst of the overpopulated and unhealthy capital of Bengal. There she found herself side by side with misery: an entire population living and dying, being born on the sidewalks, having for roof nothing but a bench, the edge of a door, an abandoned cart, some newspapers or cardboard Infants die at birth and are thrown into the garbage or in the gutter, just anywhere. Each morning, the dead are collected together with piles of trash
On September 10, 1946, while praying, Sister Teresa distinctly perceived Our Lord inviting her to leave the Loretto convent to dedicate herself to serving the poor, by living in their midst. She opened her soul to her superior who made her wait in order to test her obedience. After a year, the Holy See authorized her to live outside the cloister. On August 16, 1947, at age thirty-seven, Sister Teresa put on for the first time a white sari made of coarse cotton fabric (traditional dress worn by Indian women), adorned with a blue stripe in honor of the Most Blessed Virgin Mary. At the shoulder, she wore a small black crucifix. For her travels, she had a small bag containing indispensable personal effects, but no money. Mother Teresa never asked for money; she never had any in her possession. Nevertheless, her works and foundations demanded very heavy expenses. Divine Providence always provided.
Beginning in 1949, young girls, ever more and more numerous, came to share Mother Teresa's life. She tried them for a long time before granting admittance. In the fall of 1950, Pope Pius XII officially authorized the new foundation, called "Congregation of the Missionaries of Charity."
A place for a "wonderful" death
Mother Teresa had no preconceived ideas about the works to accomplish. She let herself be led by Providence and the needs of the poor. A child was found eating garbage. He complained about his stomach: "What did you eat this morning?"-"Nothing."-"And yesterday?"-"Nothing." Two years later, Mother Teresa set up the "Center of Hope and Life" for abandoned children. In fact, those who are brought to the Center, wrapped in rags or even in paper, have hardly any hope of life here below. They are baptized and go straight to Heaven. Many of those who are saved from death are adopted by families in various countries. "An abandoned child whom we had taken in was entrusted to a very rich family," tells Mother Teresa, "a family of the high society which wanted to adopt a little boy. A few months later, I hear that the child is very sick and that he will remain paralyzed. I go to see the family and offer: `Give me back this child: I will replace it with another one in good health.'-`I would rather die than be separated from this child!' answered the father as he looked at me with such a sad look on his face." What a lesson of love!
Mother Teresa remarks: "What the poor need most is to feel needed, to feel loved. The condition of banishment which their poverty imposes is what ulcerates them. There are remedies and treatments for all kinds of illnesses, but when someone is undesirable, if there are no serving hands and loving hearts, then there is no hope for a true cure."
"The highest human value"
This teaching starts with an integral vision of man and his vocation, not only natural and terrestrial, but also supernatural and eternal, and it "is founded on the indissoluble bond willed by God and which man cannot break on his own initiative, between the two meanings of the conjugal act: union and procreation" (Paul VI, Encyclical Humanæ vitæ, 12). In order to achieve birth control, "periodic continence, that is, the methods of birth regulation based on self-observation and the use of infertile periods is in conformity with the objective criteria of morality. These methods respect the bodies of the spouses, encourage tenderness between them, and favor the education of an authentic freedom" (Catechism of the Catholic Church, CCC, 2370).
Pope Paul VI describes thus the value of natural methods: "The mastery of reason and free will over the instincts without doubt imposes self-discipline, so that the affective manifestations of conjugal life be duly regulated, in particular for the observance of periodic continence. But this discipline, which is proper for the purity of the spouses, far from being harmful to conjugal love, on the contrary, confers upon it a higher human value. It demands continual effort, but thanks to its beneficent influence, the spouses wholly develop their personalities, while being enriched with spiritual values: it brings fruits of serenity and peace to family life, it makes easier the solutions to other problems; it favors being attentive to the other spouse, it helps the spouses to banish egoism, the enemy of true love, and it deepens their sense of responsibility in the fulfilment of their duties. Parents thus acquire the capacity for a deeper and more efficacious influence over the education of their children" (Humanæ vitæ, 21).
An essential difference of mentality
Love, life, fatherland
The contraceptive mentality which wants to avoid children at any price, logically leads to the abortive mentality whenever contraception is not effective. Statistics show that the practice of abortion develops more in countries which favor contraception. In addition, many products which are presented as contraceptive are in reality abortive ("morning after pill", IUD ). Mother Teresa refused to entrust a child for adoption to a couple which uses contraception, for she esteemed that the child would be in a climate of death.
Sometimes people object that natural methods are neither sure nor efficacious. This is inexact. Serious medical studies have shown that the Billings method (natural method), for example, is a very efficacious means to avoid an undesired birth. Most women can determine their period of fecundity without any notable risk of error. Here is Mother Teresa's testimony: "At Calcutta, we now run 102 centers where we teach families how to control birth in respect for mutual love and children. Last year, thousands of Christian, Muslim and Hindu families came to our centers and have thus avoided the births of 70,000 children, but without killing a single one, simply by taking support on the three pillars of love, life and fatherland" (Letter to India's Prime Minister, March 26, 1979).
Mother Teresa adds a word for the people of "rich" countries: "Since our poor people can avoid destroying the life God has created in us, how much easier it should be for you (`the rich') who know the means" (December 11, 1979). However, if the poor often have valid reasons for spacing the births of their children, spouses of well-to-do countries, where the birth rate is lowering, must make certain that their desire to avoid a new conception, "is not motivated by selfishness but is in conformity with the generosity appropriate to responsible parenthood" (CCC, 2368).
For the love of JESUS CHRIST
Adoration of the Blessed Sacrament holds an important place in the day of the Missionaries of Charity. They receive Holy Communion each day and the Sacrament of Penance each week. "Confession is a magnificent act, an act of great love. It is the moment in which I allow Christ to remove from me all that divides, all that destroys. For most of us there is a danger of forgetting that we are sinners and that we must make ourselves such in Confession."
There is a very particular devotion to the Most Blessed Virgin among the disciples of Mother Teresa. "Mary is our guide, the cause of our joy. Pray to her. Say the Rosary so that the Virgin will always be with you, protect you, help you. Bring prayer into your families. The family that prays together, remains united."
Development of the work
In Yemen, a Muslim country into which no Christian influence had been able to penetrate for eight hundred years, Mother Teresa accepted to send a group of Sisters on the condition that they could take a priest with them. In the 1980's, the Order founded an average of fifteen new houses a year. Beginning in 1986, it settled in Communist countries which had heretofore been forbidden to all missionaries: Ethiopia, South Yemen, USSR, Albany, China.
In March 1967, to Mother Teresa's work was added a masculine branch: the "Congregation of Missionary Brothers." And in 1969, was born the Fraternity of Lay Co-workers of the Missionaries of Charity.
Quite a simple secret
If asked whence came her moral strength, Mother Teresa would confide: "My secret is infinitely simple. I pray. Through prayer, I become one with Christ in love. To pray to Him, is to love Him." Love is indissolubly united with joy. "Joy is prayer, in that it praises God: Man is created to praise. Joy is the hope of eternal happiness. Joy is a net of love to catch souls. True holiness consists in doing the will of God with a smile."
After several hospitalizations, Mother Teresa passed away in the peace of the Lord, in Calcutta, on September 5, 1997. At the news of her death, Pope John Paul II summarized her life in this way: "Her mission began at dawn before the Eucharist. In the silence of contemplation, Mother Teresa heard the sound of Jesus' cry on the Cross: I thirst. This cry, kept in the depth of her heart, pushed her out onto the streets of Calcutta and of all the suburbs of the world, searching for Jesus, in the poor, the abandoned, the dying Mother Teresa, unforgettable mother of the poor, is an eloquent model for all" (Angelus, September 7, 1997).
Many times, Mother Teresa answered young people who wanted to come help her in India, to remain in their countries in order to practice charity towards the "poor" of their own milieu. Here are some of her suggestions: "In France, just as in New York and everywhere, how much people hunger for love: that is a terrible form of poverty, without comparison with the poverty of Africans and Indians It's not so much how much you give, but the love with which you give that counts Pray so that it begins in your own family. Children often have no one to greet them when they get home from school. When they are home with their parents, it's just to sit in front of the television, and they do not exchange a word. That is deep poverty You must work to make a living for your family, but have the courage to share with someone who does not have-maybe just a smile, a glass of water-to ask him to sit down and talk just a few minutes; maybe just write a letter to a sick person in the hospital And even better, go to Nazareth and see how the Holy Family lives: Make of your family another Nazareth. Love Jesus! Often, during the day, say: `Jesus is in my heart. I believe in Your tender love for me and I love You, Jesus.' You must say it and repeat it constantly. And you will see the strength, the joy and the peace that will be yours, thanks to the love you have for Jesus. And you will be able to love others as Jesus loves you."
It is possible to love others as Jesus does, for if we live in the grace of God, the Holy Spirit, who is Love, dwells in us (cf. Jn 14: 18). We ask Him to pour forth His Charity into your hearts, so that you may be His witnesses, following the example of Mother Teresa of Calcutta. We pray for you and for all those dear to you, living and deceased.
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