Lehrveranstalter: Dr. Jürgen Gross(gross@chrysomela.de)
Zeit: Donnerstags, 15.00 c.t. - 17.00 Uhr     Ort: Seminarraum 1 (Zoologie), Königin-Luise-Str. 1-3

The horse chestnut leaf-miner (Cameraria ohridella) is a member of the lepidopteran family Gracillariidae and was recorded for the first
time from Macedonia in 1985 attacking horse chestnut (Aesculushippocastanum) near LakeOhrid. This moth was described as a new
species of the genus Cameraria by Deschka and Dimic (1986). Totally unexpected, C. ohridella appeared in Austria in 1989 in the
region of Linz. From then on, it rapidly spread east and west so that, by 2000, it had colonised major parts of Central and Eastern Europe.

As the horse-chestnut was up to date a tree species with few health problems, the damage by the leaf-mining larvae of C. ohridella in Central Europe is
particularly striking. Once established, the population density of C. ohridella increases rapidly within one to two years. According to Skuhravý (1998),
there can be up to five generations a year depending on weather conditions and climate. However, it seems that only three generations can develop in
southern Germany. Population densities increased so rapidly that, nowadays, many trees are already completely infested with up to several hundred mines
    per leaf at the end of the first generation in late June. This leads to an early loss of foliage long before autumn (Pschorn-Walcher 1994).

http://www.cameraria.de/index.php
Fernsehbeitrag auf SFDRS „Schweiz Aktuell“ vom 13.9.2000
Cameraria pheromone
Cameraria in Belgium
Cameraria in France
Forstschutz Aktuell Nr. 21, 1998
Artikel in der Netzzeitung vom 26.3.03

http://www.nysaes.cornell.edu/ent/biocontrol/predators/harmonia.html
http://www.ent.orst.edu/urban/Harmonia.html
http://www.uky.edu/Agriculture/Entomology/entfacts/trees/ef416.htm
http://esa.confex.com/esa/2001/techprogram/paper_1422.htm
http://www.vistaverde.de/news/Natur/0210/25_marienkaefer.htm
http://www.entomologie.de/fotos/harmonia.htm

http://www.museum.vic.gov.au/wasps/index.asp
http://qmuseum.qld.gov.au/inquiry/leaflets/leaflet0031.pdf
http://research.amnh.org/entomology/social_insects/introwasps.html
http://www.ento.csiro.au/insect_id/wasps/european_wasp.html
http://www.waite.adelaide.edu.au/europeanwasp/

http://vicuna.us.itd.umich.edu/accounts/monomorium/m._pharaonis.html
http://taxa.soken.ac.jp/ANT.WWW/Taxo_E/F41107.htmlhttp://www.bbges.de/ift/schaedli/pharao.pdf
http://www.orb.de/_/meta//wissenschaftsmagazin/ (Bericht und Video)
http://ohioline.osu.edu/hyg-fact/2000/2136.html
http://www.bayercropscience.de/de/pc/gewerblich/hygiene/pharaoameise/

Die Problematik der Verschleppung von Organismen im Ballastwasser von Schiffen 

http://www.umwelt.schleswig-holstein.de/servlet/is/23187/2000-macrozoo.pdf
http://www.ism-center.de/d2161.htm
Artikel über Stickstoffbegasung von Ballastwasser
http://www.meeresmuseum.de/wettbewerb/deutsch/genetisch.htm

Fuchs, Dingo und Hauskatze in Australien 

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science

Haben Einwanderer weniger Probleme mit Pathogenen und Parasiten? 

Der Vergleich von Hängebirke und Robinie 

Die Braune Nachtbaumnatter (Boiga irregularis)

The Brown Tree Snake (Boiga irregularis) was accidentally introduced to Guam in the late 1940’s or early 1950’s on U.S. military cargo.
The native range of the snake is Northeastern Australia, New Guinea and some of the island around New Guinea. It is thought that the Guam
snakes originated from the island of Manus, a small island in the Solomons.

By the late 1950’s/early 1960’s it was well known that Guam had a snake population, often referred to as the "Philippine Rat Snake". What
was not known was the devastating effect this introduced snake was having onGuam’s native species, especially birds.

Not having evolved with a nighttime arboreal (tree climbing) predator, the native birds had no behavioral or physical defenses. As a result,
birds began disappearing with the smaller species being affected first. By the mid 1980’s, 9 of 11 native forest birds were gone from Guam’s
forests. Two of these birds, the Micronesian Kingfisher and the Guam Rail, were found only on Guam (endemic) and to this day only exist in
zoos. Guam’s forests had become silent.

In addition to this the snakes also cause many power outages (on average once every 3 days). Sometimes this is island-wide but more often it
is smaller localized outages. This costs money in repair bills and lost business revenue. The snakes do this by crawling on the power lines or
getting into the transformers.Due to the loss of bird life, insect populations are much higher on Guam (many birds eat insects). Because many birds pollinate plants andspread seeds, Guam will probably exhibit vegetation changes in the forests. 

Guam is rightly termed on of the modern day eco-disasters.

http://www.aphis.usda.gov/ws/nwrc/is/99pubs/99-54.pdf
http://www.dfw.gov.mp/brown.htm
http://members.tripod.com/allan_searle/Area50BTSGuam.html
http://members.tripod.com/allan_searle/snake/IslandsSnakeHawaii.html
http://biology.usgs.gov/s+t/noframe/x181.htm
http://www.hear.org/

Eleutherodactylus coqui

E. coqui poses the greatest threat to native Hawaiian ecosystems because it can invade mid-elevation moist and rain forests. It can be expected to exert tremendous predation pressure on a variety of native arthropods and, possibly, snails. Consequently, they will likely have an indirect negative effect on the remaining native forest birds, most of which are partially or largely insectivorous. The frogs may serve as an energy sink in native ecosystems into which they insert themselves due to lack of native predators, although it is more likely they will instead serve as an additional food source enhancing population levels of rats and mongoose, thereby increasing predation pressure on native forest birds

http://www.hear.org/AlienSpeciesInHawaii/species/frogs/index.html

Ökologische Bedeutung eines Mißgeschicks

http://swr.ucsd.edu/hcd/caulerpa/factsheet203.htm
http://www.isima.fr/ecosim/ct.html
http://www.vdst.de/umwelt/biodivers/marenostrum/pdfs/caulerpa.pdf
http://www.m2ab.de/fezz/clt_erke.htm
http://home.breisnet-online.de/oekologie/Files/files-arbeiten/alge.htm
http://www.delphinschutz.org/killeralge.htm
http://www.hydra-institute.com/elba/projekte/caulerpahome.htm
http://saschabur.online.fr/taxifol.html
http://home.t-online.de/home/ars.ase.ts/clt_info.htm

http://www.ea.gov.au/soe/2001/biodiversity/biodiversity04-2b.html#geneticallymodified

In late May 1998, a beekeeper in St. Lucie County, Florida, discovered beetles severely damaging beehives. The beetles are Aethina tumida Murray, known as an apiary pest in South Africa, where it is called the small hive beetle. This was the first record for this beetle in the Western Hemisphere.

http://www.echter-honig.de/Bienen/Bienenkrankheitentierisch.htm#Aethinatumida
http://www.state.oh.us/agr/SmallHiveBeetleForPDF.pdf
http://www.bienenstockkaefer.de/bienenstockkaefer/
http://doacs.state.fl.us/%7Epi/enpp/ento/aethinanew.htm#aeth (Gute Photos der einzelnen Entwicklungsstadien)
http://www.ento.vt.edu/~fell/apiculture/hivebeetle/index.html
http://ceris.purdue.edu/napis/pests/shb/index.html#maps
http://www.imkerbund.at/wiss/aethina/aethi_01.htm

Die Ausbreitung von Riesenbärenklau, Spätblühender Traubenkirsche, Kanadischer Wasserpest (Elodea canadensis) und weiterer Arten

http://www.tu-berlin.de/fb7/ioeb/oekosystemkunde/Neophyten/neophyten.htm
http://www.uni-karlsruhe.de/~botanik/bex-neol.html
http://www.giftpflanzen.com/heracleum_mantegazzianum.html
http://www.uvm.baden-wuerttemberg.de/nafaweb/berichte/inf00_2/in00_252.htm
http://www.biblio.tu-bs.de/geobot/senecio.html
http://www.wildbienen.de/hbio-neo.htm

Kartoffelkäfer - Ratten und Ziegen auf Inseln - Krötenechse - Argentinische Ameise - Rote Feuerameise - Ochsenfrosch - Eichhörnchen/Grauhörnchen - Wollhandkrabbe –

Aga-Kröte (Bufo marinus) in Australien – Afrikanisierte Bienen in Amerika

Abbildungen anklicken, um auf die gelinkte Site zu gelangen